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| Alcohol | Drowsiness, shallow breathing (lips may turn blue), enlarged pupils.
Never assume that alcohol is the only cause of drowsiness or overdose. For example, a head injury may be present or tablets may have been taken. |
| The 'Pams'
e.g. Normison®, Valium®, Serepax®, Rohypnol® | Drowsiness (which may be increasing), slurred speech, unsteadiness. |
| Amphetamine ('speed') | Restlessness and agitation, anxiety, paranoid symptoms (e.g. misinterpretation of actions or gestures), hallucinations (either of voices or visions). Aggression and violence may occur. Pupils are enlarged. |
| Heroin | Drowsiness, pinpoint pupils, shallow or very slow breathing (lips may appear blue in colour), slow pulse rate. |